The Psychology of Conformity: Why Do People Follow Group Norms Against Their Beliefs?

Have you ever noticed people conforming to social group norms they know are wrong, yet they still consciously go along with them? Or perhaps you’ve found yourself doing the same? Possibly, it’s very likely something we’ve all experienced at some point, whether knowingly or unknowingly.

Individuals have an innate habit of conforming to different social norms, as far as I have noticed it is mostly because of our need to fit in, and to be socially accepted by others. As we know humans have a strong need to belong, and going against those groups' norms we risk exclusion, criticism or even isolation. This fear often outweighs the desire to act on our own personal beliefs.

I believe uncertainty about their own judgment, subtle social pressure, or the discomfort of cognitive dissonance (the psychological discomfort or tension that arises when a person holds two or more conflicting beliefs, values, or attitudes simultaneously, or when their behaviour contradicts their beliefs or values) also push people to conform. Additionally, fear of consequences, such as loss of status or opportunities, and cultural values that emphasize collectivism can further reinforce conformity. Over time, these behaviours become ingrained, leading people to conform almost instinctively, even when they know it’s not right.

A very common example that we all must have noticed is when someone might strongly believe in the importance of honesty but sometimes may find themselves conforming to the behaviour of peers who cheat on exams or assignments. Even though they are aware that cheating is wrong and goes against their values, they still may feel pressured to go along with it due to fear of falling behind or not measuring up to their peers.

In some cases, if cheating is seen as a norm within a particular group or class, the student might justify it by rationalising that everyone else is doing it, or they may convince themselves that the stakes are too high to pass up. This demonstrates how the desire to conform to group behaviour, especially in a competitive or high-pressure environment like college, can sometimes lead individuals to act against their own beliefs.

While I believe that following certain social norms can help reduce conflict, it's important for us to critically assess whether those norms are actually right or wrong. We can’t just blindly conform to every social norm just for the need to fit in, especially if it goes against our values, beliefs or judgments.